Constitution Day 2023: 26 November is celebrated as Constitution Day in India. National Law Day is also celebrated on this day in the country. The constitution governing this country was prepared on 26 November 1949. This was the day when the Constitution was adopted and dedicated to the nation. After this it was implemented on 26 January 1950. Therefore, every year Constitution Day is celebrated on 26 November and Republic Day is celebrated on 26 January. Dr. Ambedkar is given the credit of being the creator of the Constitution as he was the Chairman of the drafting committee of the Constituent Assembly. Ambedkar is called the father of the Constitution. But the person who wrote the Indian Constitution was Prem Bihari Narayan Raizada. He wrote the Constitution with his own hand. Pandit Nehru had entrusted him with this responsibility.
Constitution Day of India: Read the special things about the Indian Constitution here
1. In the year 2015, the Government of India had decided to celebrate 26 November as ‘Constitution Day’. 2015 was a special year because that year the 125th birth anniversary of the creator of the Constitution, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar was being celebrated.
2. The Indian Constitution is the longest written constitution in the world.
3. Bag of Borrowing – The Constitution of India has adopted the features of the constitutions of many countries. The Constitution of India is also called ‘Bag of Borrowings’ because most of its provisions have been taken from other countries. Many of its parts have been taken from the constitutions of the United Kingdom, America, Germany, Ireland, Australia, Canada and Japan. It describes the fundamental rights, duties of the citizens of the country, role of the government, powers of the Prime Minister, President, Governor and Chief Minister. What is the work of the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary, what is their role in running the country, all these things are mentioned in the Constitution.
Constitution Day Speech In Hindi: Give this short and easy speech on 26th November Constitution Day.
4. – The original copy of the Constitution is handwritten, not typed: These original copies of the Indian Constitution were not typed or printed. The original copy of the Constitution was handwritten in English by Prem Bihari Narayan Raizada. It is written in italic letters through excellent calligraphy. Each of its pages was decorated by artists Ram Manohar Sinha and Nandlal Bose of Shantiniketan (West Bengal).
5. Where are the copies of the Constitution kept: Handwritten copies of the Constitution are kept in helium in the Library of Parliament. These transparent but sealed boxes made of glass are filled with nitrogen, which does not allow the paper of the manuscript to get spoiled. Both these boxes were made by an American company in California.
6. What does the original look like?
– The original copy of the Constitution is 16 inches wide
-Written on parchment sheets 22 inches long
– This manuscript contained 251 pages
7. In how many days was it ready?
It took 2 years, 11 months and 18 days to prepare the entire Constitution. It was completed on November 26, 1949. This Constitution of the Republic of India came into force on January 26, 1950.
8. – The original copies of the Constitution were written in two languages, Hindi and English.
9- The hand-written Constitution was signed on January 24, 1950 by 284 members of the Constituent Assembly, including 15 women. Two days later, on January 26, this Constitution came into force in the country.
10. Who were the 15 women – Among the 15 women in the Constituent Assembly was Durgabai Deshmukh, wife of the first Indian Governor of RBI, CD Deshmukh. Also, some other women like Vijayalakshmi Pandit, Sarojini Naidu, Ammu Swaminathan, Dakshinayani Velayudan, Begum Raisul have contributed significantly in the making of the Constitution.
11- Constitution: The Indian Constitution, divided into 25 parts, 448 articles and 12 lists, is the largest written constitution in the world.
12- Originally the Indian Constitution had a total of 395 articles (divided into 22 parts) and 8 schedules, but as a result of various amendments, it currently has a total of 448 articles (divided into 25 parts) and 12 schedules. Fundamental rights are described in the third part of the Constitution.
13. The basic structure of the Indian Constitution is based on the Government of India Act, 1935.
14. Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar is called the creator of the Indian Constitution. The first Law Minister of India, Dr. Bhimram Ambedkar was the Chairman of the Constitution Drafting Committee.
15. The fundamental rights of citizens in the Indian Constitution are described in the third part of the Constitution from Articles 12 to 35.
16. The Constitution of India was drafted by the Constituent Assembly. The Constituent Assembly of India had constituted a total of 13 committees to deal with various tasks related to the drafting of the Constitution.
17. Why did Ambedkar talk about burning the Constitution?
After independence, there was once an occasion when Baba Saheb Ambedkar, the creator of the Indian Constitution, wanted to burn this Constitution. On September 2, 1953, there was a vigorous debate in the Rajya Sabha on the issue of increasing the powers of the Governor. Then Ambedkar had said, ‘My friends tell me that I have made the Constitution, but I want to tell you that I will also be the first person to burn it. I don’t need it because it’s not good for anyone. The majority cannot say that giving importance to minorities will harm democracy. In fact, harming minorities would be the most harmful. Ambedkar was always strongly against oppression of minorities by the majority. Later, while explaining the reason for saying such a thing, he had said, ‘If we build a temple for God to reside. But some demons came and started living in it. In such a situation, we will be left with no other option but to demolish the temple. Because we had built the temple for God, not for the demon.
18. 432 nibs rubbed
It took Prem Bihari Narayan Raizada 6 months to write the Constitution by hand and a total of 432 nibs were worn out.
19. Did not charge any fee for writing
Prem Bihari Narayan Raizada did not charge any fee for writing the Constitution. He had set the condition of writing his name on every page and the name of his guru and grandfather Master Ram Prasad Saxena on the last page.
20. The Hindi copy of the Constitution has been handwritten by calligrapher Vasant Krishna Vaidya.